10 achievement(s) found This project involved designing an islanded system supplied by a collection of multiple renewable electrical energy sources . The inhomogeneous character of the sources (wind turbines, fuel cells, diesel generators, etc.) required a suitable control system to be defined. [...]As part of the electrical connection of a wind farm, the future producer needed to comply with the latest regulations, in particular the French law of 23 April 2008. This law relates to the technical requirements of the design and operation of an electricity producing facility for connection to the public electricity distribution grid at low or medium voltage and imposes certain constraints in terms of the voltage plan to be observed at the common coupling point (point of delivery).
The producer must then study the adjustments and set points on the machines to satisfy the voltage plan at the common coupling point imposed by the distributor (contractual voltage and reactive production and absorption). [...]A distribution system operator wanted to assess the impacts on a urban grid of massive integration of decentralized power generation (solar plants and hydropower) and new consummers (electric vehicles, high power electrical PAC ...) .
The studied urban distribution grid is composed with three MV loops fed by two HV substations. Each loop feeds a dozen HV/LV distribution stations for industrial and residential uses.
This prospective study was therefore to evaluate the maximal penetration rate of renewable power and new consumers. The main issues to be addressed are the network stability and power quality. [...]For the case of the connection of a power station to the French HV network (HTA RTE), the PV power generation company must prove that its infrastructure will not cause instability on the grid. For this situation, RTE (Réseau de Transport d’Electricité) defined the specifications regarding the constructive capacities to be respected. These specifications are adapted to this case in terms of the power station’s “size”, its location on the power grid and the type of electricity generation (wind turbines, photovoltaic cells).
The PV power generation company must submit a technical document consisting of simulation analysis files and test files in order to check the respect of the connection specifications.
The aim of the study was to simulate the connection of a 33MW photovoltaic power station to the 63kV HV grid.
Moreover, during this study, CAPSIM was asked to analyse the primary voltage regulation system which controls the active power of the solar park by acting on the photovoltaic inverters set point. [...]For the construction project of the first ever wind farm in West Africa, Capsim was chosen to perform a study regarding the impact and the compatibility of a 25MW wind farm on the national power grid of Togo.
The main aim was to check whether the integration of the wind farm on the electrical grid was possible or not and also to define the necessary conditions for stability when the farm is connected. The substation to which the installation will be connected is managed by the national electrical grid company. This substation is also connected to the public electrical transmission grid managed by a neighbouring country operator. [...]When a transformer is energised, two main phenomena occur; an inrush current and a resulting voltage drop at its primary side. The amplitudes of these two phenomena depend greatly on the remnant (or residual) magnetic flux, the transformer’s saturation curve and the instant of energisation. Before being commissioned, it should be checked whether the transformer is compliant or not with the local electrical grid standards.
For the case of the connection of a wind power station to the French RTE grid (90kV), the client wished to consider the different energisation (simultaneous or sequential energisation) strategies (at the 21kV level) of the wind turbine transformers which respect the transient voltage drop limit (5%) at the connection point. [...]For the case of energetic development in sub-Saharan Africa, the construction of a 33MWp photovoltaic power station is planned. This future power station will be connected to the national electricity transmission grid of the country. This electrical grid can be interconnected with those of 2 neighbouring countries. This grid possesses several electrical thermal and hydraulic generation power units across the country.
In this context, Capsim was sought by investors and the network operator for the following: - Analysis of the grid stability during power injection by the future power station on the interconnected national grid. In this particular case, the intermittence of the photovoltaic power station and the weaknesses already present in the current network (low production capacity, regular power cuts and black outs) are to be considered,
- Assistance in technical specification precisions to include in the tender files of the key-in-hand construction contract,
- Analysis of issues regarding the extension of the power station or the integration of additional power stations into the grid.
[...]The breakthroughs in the field of power electronics regarding on one hand photovoltaic panels and on the other hand enable to consider higher levels of DC distribution voltage within PV power stations. Indeed, for a given photovoltaic power, the increase in distribution voltage allows decreasing the current to be delivered to the network, and therefore to limit the cable distances required and distribution losses. These advantages must however be compared to technical-economic issues that an increase in distribution voltage may represent: availability of equipment from manufacturers, higher purchase costs, technical uncertainties…).
Our client requested us for quantifying the technical-economic impact of increasing the DC voltage to 1500V, and then to 3000V (initially planned to be at 1000V) of their several MWs PV power station. [...]The hybridation of Diesel power stations with renewable energy sources is interesting in the case of isolated electrical grids which are very far from any transmission grid.
The aim of this project was to implement hybridation of power stations feeding towns isolated from any electrical grid (micro-grid in this case) in Oriental Siberia and in the Kamchatka peninsula (in Russia) via the addition of photovoltaic power stations, wind farms, and energy storage systems.
Indeed, the conditions of extreme cold and high supplying fuel distances to these areas may lead to high electricity production costs, which could be significantly decreased by means of hybridation.
The network user of these isolated electrical grid wished therefore to: - Implement an energy management strategy so as to directly control the equipment of the hybrid power stations,
- Create a simulation tool allowing the validation of the optimal operation of the power stations as well as the optimisation of the equipment sizing.
[...]The project consists in the construction of a 52MW PV power station in the near future in Israel. This PV power station will be connected to the 161kV HV electrical grid of the country.
In this context, CAPSIM was chosen in order to perform the following analyses on the future PV station: - Verification of the harmonic levels produced by the PV + inverters at the connection point in the different possible network configurations of the future installation,
- Observation of the impact of the capacitor bank switching (in terms of overvoltage and switching current) on the future PV installation and on the equipment,
- Study of TRVs (transient recovery voltage) across the circuit breakers during normal operations and following faults such as short-circuits.
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